中考英語語法連詞專題複習
連詞分類:並列連詞,從屬連詞.(見《中考總複習》第31--36頁)
複習方式：讓先學生看書，然後做練習，總結歸納補充，英語中考語法（六）連詞專題複習。
連詞是一種在句子與句子之間，短語之間以及名詞等其他詞語之間起連線作用的虛詞，它不能單獨作句子的成份。按其意義可分為並列連詞和從屬連詞兩大類。
並列連詞連線的雙方是對等的。
常有的並列連詞有and, both…and, either…or, neither…nor， not only…but also, as well as等。但如果連線的兩部分意義不趨向一致，意義有轉折的並列連詞有：but, however, while (而)，only (只不過)。還有表示選擇關係的'並列連詞，如：or, or else, otherwise… 再有的是連線雙方，互為因果，或表示前因後果的連詞有：for, so, therefore (因此)，then等。
從屬連詞在初中範圍內常常用來連線名詞性從句，如：that, if, whether, 其次用來連線狀語從句。其中有原因狀語從句，常用的連線詞有：when while, as, since, before, after, once, as soon as, until, till 連線條件狀語的連詞有：if, unless, as long as 等，而原因狀語的連線詞有because, since, as, now that (既然)。目的、結果、方式、比較、地點等狀語從句的連線詞有：so that, so…that, such…that, as…as, than, where… 它們在句子與文章中幾乎無處不見。
具體用法見下表。
連詞用法一覽表
種類
功用
例句
並列連詞
連線具有並列關係的
詞
He knows neither English nor French.
短語
Are you going by bus or on foot?
分句
Mary was a good girl, but she had one shortcoming.
從屬連詞
引導：
狀語從句
Ill do it as you told me.
You will be late unless you hurry.
連線代詞和連線副詞
主語從句
What he said proved true.
When well start has not been decided yet.
表語從句
This is why he didnt come yesterday.
That is where he lives.
賓語從句
The man asked me which I liked best.
I cant understand why she is so late.
關係代詞和關係副詞
定語從句
Nicotine is a drug that gets one into the habit of smoking.
He came last night when I was out.
The 1st period
1.並列連詞引導兩個並列的句子。
1) and 與or
判斷改錯：
(錯) They sat down and talk about something.
(錯) They started to dance and sang.
(錯) I saw two men sitting behind and whisper there.
(對) They sat down and talked about something.
(對) They started to dance and sing.
(對)I saw two men sitting behind and whispering there.
解析：
第一句： and 連線兩個並列的謂語，所以 talk 應改為 talked。
第二句：and 連線兩個並列的動詞不定式，第二個不定式往往省略to，因此sang 應改為 sing。
第三句：and 連線感觀動詞saw 後面的用作的賓補的兩個並列分詞結構，因此whisper應改為whispering。
注意：and 還可以和祈使句或名詞片語連用表示條件。（or也有此用法）
Make up your mind, and youll get the chance.
= If you make up your mind, youll get the chance.
One more effort, and youll succeed.
= If you make one more effort, youll succeed.
2) both …and 兩者都
She plays (both) the piano and the guitar.
3) not only…but (also), as well as不但…而且）
She plays not only the piano, but (also) the guitar.
注意： not only… but also 關聯兩個分句時，一個分句因有否定詞not 而必須倒裝，英語語法《英語中考語法（六）連詞專題複習》。
Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some.
4) neithe…nor 意思為"既不……也不……"謂語動詞采用就近原則，與nor後的詞保持一致。
Neither you nor he is to blame.
2 比較and和or
1) 並列結構中，or通常用於否定句，and用於肯定句。
2) 但有時and 也可用於否定句。請注意其不同特點：
There is no air or water in the moon.
There is no air and no water on the moon.
在否定中並列結構用or 連線，但含有兩個否定詞的句子實際被看作是肯定結構，因此要用and。
典型例題
---I dont like chicken ___ fish.
---I dont like chicken, ___ I like fish very much.
A. and； and B. and； but C. or； but D. or；and
答案C。否定句中表並列用or, but 錶轉折。
判斷改錯：
(錯) We will die without air and water.
(錯) We cant live without air or water.
(對) We will die without air or water.
(對) We cant live without air and water.
3 表示選擇的並列結構
1) or 意思為"否則"。
I must work hard, or Ill fail in the exam.
2) either…or 意思為"或者……或者……"。注意謂語動詞采用就近原則。
Either you or I am right.
The 2nd period
4 表示轉折或對比
1) but表示轉折，while表示對比。
Some people love cats, while others hate them.
典型例題
--- Would you like to come to dinner tonight?
--- Id like to, ___ Im too busy.
A. and B. so C. as D. but
答案D。but與前面形成轉折，符合語意。而表並列的and，結果的so，原因的as都不符合句意。
2) not…but… 意思為"不是……而是……"
not 和but 後面的用詞要遵循一致原則。
They were not the bones of an animal, but (the bones) of a human being.
5 表原因關係
1) for
判斷改錯：
(錯) For he is ill, he is absent today.
(對) He is absent today, for he is ill.
for是並列連詞，不能置於含兩個並列分句的句子的句首，只能將其放在兩個分句中間。
2) so, therefore
He hurt his leg, so he couldnt play in the game.
注意：
a. 兩個並列連詞不能連用，但therefore, then, yet.可以和並列連詞連用。
You can watch TV, and or you can go to bed.
He hurt his leg, and so / and therefore he couldnt play in the game.
b. although… yet…，但although不與 but連用。
(錯) Although he was weak, but he tried his best to do the work..
(對) Although he was weak, yet he tried his best to do the work.
6 比較so和 such
其規律由so與such的不同詞性決定。such 是形容詞，修飾名詞或名詞片語，so是副詞，只能修飾形容詞或副
詞。so 還可與表示數量的形容詞many，few，much， little連用，形成固定搭配。
so + adj. such + a(n) + n.
so + adj. + a(n) + n. such + n. (pl.)
so + adj. + n. (pl.) such +n. (pl.)
so + adj. + n. [不可數] such +n. [不可數]
so foolish such a fool
so nice a flower such a nice flower
so many/ few flowers such nice flowers
so much/little money. such rapid progress
so many people such a lot of people
so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 雖相當於 many，但 a lot of 為名詞性的，只能用such搭配。
so…that與such…that之間的轉換既為 so與such之間的轉換。
Ｅg :The MP3 cost me ________ money that I ccouldnt afford to buy it .
A .so much .B .such much C .so many
D . such many .(Key :A )
注意:too .... to .. ,so ..... that .... , such .... that .... , enough ..... to ...., 的互換．
so that to = in
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